Examination of World Leaders Part 2

EXPOSING THE SORCERERS: Examination of World Leaders Part 2

According to The Global Wealth Report 2016 by the Credit Suisse Research Institute, the global wealth is about 256 trillion dollars and the wealth per adult was near $ 53,000.  However, the average wealth is simply dividing the entire world’s wealth by total adult population and this does not show the true median wealth per adult.  For example, the U.S. average wealth in 2015 was about $353,000 and the median was less than $50,000.   In 2015, about 33.7 million adults own more than $1 million of net worth. They make up for about 0.7 percent of global population and own about $ 113 trillion, over 45% of global wealth.  About 43 nations, almost a quarter of the world’s countries, are under monarchs.

The following Examination of World Leaders reveals corruption and unfairness among many world leaders; and that the world is still very much under the stay of the evil one and sorcerers – who control, enslave, cause rebellion against justice and impartiality, and allow their countrymen to be bewitched.

http://geology.com/world/world-map.shtml

EXAMINATION of 165 WORLD LEADERS (Jan. 2017) Key: SWP = Share of World Population; SWW = Share of World Wealth/PPP (2008); L. = Leaders; MWA = Median Wealth per Adult; P = Population (2010-16); m = million; B = billion; T = Trillion; k = thousands; Sources at bottom; N/A = not avail.
Country	Name	L. Worth			P/SWP/SWW%	MWA$
WORLD	4.4 billion adults	$256 Tril.			7.4 B/100/100%	3.6k
January 2017 the total world wealth (GNW or Gross National Wealth = assets – liabilities) was estimated to be $256 trillion, with the top 30 nations as follows: $83 trillion in the U.S., $24T in Japan, $23.4T in China, $14.5T in the UK (loss of $1T from 2015 due to Brexit & value of pound), $12.4T in Germany, $11.9T in France, $10T Italy, $7.6T Canada, $6.4T Australia, $6.3T S. Korea, $4.4T Spain, $3.4T Switzerland, $3.2T Taiwan, $3.1T India, $2.5T Brazil, $2.4T Netherlands, $2.3T Belgium, $1.8T Indonesia, $1.7T Sweden, $1.6T Mexico, $1.4T Austria, $1.2T Norway, $1.2T Hong Kong, $1.1T Singapore, $1.1T Russia, $1.1T Denmark, $1.1T Turkey, $1T New Zealand, $.95T Greece, and .9T Israel.  Most of the other 163 countries have much less of the world’s wealth.
Canada	Queen Elizabeth II		550m	35.4m/.4%/2.7%		74k
His Excellency Gov. General David L. Johnston is the 28th Governor Gen. of Canada.  Raised in Ontario, he later attended Harvard, Cambridge and Queens College where he became a professor of law.  He is an academic who has written more than 25 books.   Johnston’s family and that of Prime Minister J. Trudeau lived near each other in adjacent cottages.  Though Canada is one of the least corrupt nations in the world; in 2013 the World Bank restricted SNC-Lavalin for ‘bidding on its global projects under its fraud and corruption policy.’  Also, in 2014 Ernst & Young found that ‘20% of Canadian executives believe bribery and corruption are widespread’ in the country.
C. African Rep.	Faustin-A Touadera		N/A	5.5m/.07%/<.01%		.2k
Former prime minister Faustin Archange Touadera won election early 2016.   Central Afr. Rep. (CAR; a former French colony) has recently emerged from another devastating civil war and it is one of the poorest countries in the world.  President was overthrown by Muslim rebels (the Seleka) in 2013.  Thousands of Christian militia (anti-Balaka) were killed and about a quarter of the population was displaced.  In 2016, Faustin addressed the UN saying that the country was stable and that ‘my people are determined to put an end to the cycle of violence.’  Nevertheless, though the country is rich in diamonds, gold, oil and uranium, about 60% of the nation’s people live in poverty.  And in July 2016, Touadera told Al-Jazeera News, ‘for the past three years, our country has gone through a major crisis which has completely divided our people… as we speak, we still have armed groups in the country.’  The country has been subject to much corruption, and in 2016 Wikileaks revealed that the French state-owned Areva Corporation was one of several companies accused of ‘a corrupt multi-billion-dollar’ control of uranium and other resources in CAR.   Areva was reported often to not provide it local black workers with ‘radiation’ protected suits, gloves or measures.  Also, diamonds have represented almost half of CAR’s exports and the ‘blood diamond’ trade has enriched companies like De Beers’, Signet and Tiffany, while 90% of the local people made less than $3 a day in 2008; and 96% less than $5.
Chad	Idriss Deby Itno		50m	11.9m/.2%/<.01		.2k
Former general, President Deby won a 4th term in 2011.   In 2006, rebels attacked the capital seeking to overturn the government.  And in 2011, many boycotted the elections.  In 2013 the government stopped another coup plot allegedly involving high army command and a minister of parliament.   In 1982, Deby helped General Habre topple Oueddei’s reign and in 1989 he fled to Sudan after being accused of a coup plot.   In 1990 his Patriotic Salvation Movement forces ran Habre into exile and in 1991 he seized the presidency.  He won Chad’s first post-independence reelection and laws were changed so he could serve or control a 3rd and 4th term.  In 2012, Deby married the daughter of a Sudanese Janjaweed Warlord.  Promising a reinstatement of ‘term limits,’ Deby was election in 2016 for a 5th term.  The semi-dictator is said to be worth about $50 million; and his common people make less than $4 a day.   Corruption is high in oil-rich Chad.   With the help of the World Bank, Exxon, Chevron and Petronas has made billions from Chad’s oil as they so generously give the negro-laborers less than $1,600 a year.
Chile	Michelle Bachelet Jeria		2+m	17.7m/.23%/<.04		13k
Bechelet, a friend of H. R. Clinton told reporters ‘we need more female presidents in the world.’  She became the first women to be president of the country and is in her 2nd term.   In 2002 she became the first female Minister of National Defense of a Latin country.  In 1975 her father was tortured to death under Pinochet’s regime.  She was exiled in Australia and Germany for 4 years and returned to Chile becoming a surgeon and pediatrician.  She speaks 5 languages, supports and LGBT, and in 2016 Forbes ranked her #18 ‘power women (top 4 being: Merkel, HRC, Yellen and Gates).’  America has supported various military coups in Chile and the region, seeking to aid their goal of democracy.   Chile’s GDP has nearly tripled in the last 2 decades; yet, in 2016 Bachelet’s popularity reached its lowest level with less than 20% support, as a half million Chileans protested the country’s Private Pension System inherited under dictator Pinochet.   In 2015, her son was accused of political corruption in obtaining a $10 million bank loan used to flip properties.  At the same time, former dictator Augusto Pinochet’s former son-in-law faced criminal charges for fraud and abuse and funneling nearly a million dollars to politicians.
China	Xi Jinping		1B	1.37B/18.5%/5%		7.3k
China has been under kings, emperors and directors for thousands of years.  It has been subject to numerous dynasties and rebellions – up until the ‘Boxer Rebellion (1899-1901),’ which was followed by other military revolts leading to a ‘Republic,’ then the rise of the Communist Party before World War I.  In 1925, after Sun Yat-sen died, Chiang Kai-shek ruled the Kuomintang or Nationalist Party.  Yet, after Japan’s invasion and WWII, Communist leader Gen. Mao Zedong took rule in 1949 after 20+ years of civil war.  The Nationalists fled to Taiwan and set up a government on the island.  In 1958 Mao ‘collectivizes’ farming and due to various struggles millions starve to death due to poor harvests.   In 1972, Nixon became the 1st US president to visit China.  In 1976 after Mao dies, his close ‘gang of four (including his widow)’ is arrested for crimes.  In 1979 the government imposes the ‘one-child’ policy – are heavy taxes.   In 1986 China begins its ‘open-door policy’ and by 1996 Walmart opens its first store in China.  In 1989, during the Tiananmen Square demonstration about 200 citizens are killed.  That year Gen. Sec. Jiang Zemin takes control of the Chinese Communist Party from Ziyang; and the Shanghai stock market opens.  In 1992, Russia and China restore relations.  China’s economy becomes the third largest in the world; yet, the vast portion of its people live in poverty and millions in slums.  In 1996 the Shanghai Five meet (C., Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan).  In 1997 Xiaoping dies at 92 and riots erupt and a bus bombing.  That year Hong Kong’s control was given back to the Chinese from the British.  In 1998, Zhu Rongji became the premier; and 1999 was China’s 50th anniversary as the People’s Republic of China.  In 2001, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization began with the ‘Shanghai Five’ and Uzbekistan.  Joint military operations and training occurs especially with Sino-Russia Joint drills.   Also in 2001 China joined the WTO.  In 2003, Hu Jintao was elected president of the National People’s Congress, though the country is communist and suppresses its Christian population.  That year 500,000 marched in protest in Hong Kong.  In 2007, Beijing allowed a new Roman Catholic bishop.  In 2008, the government began a $580 billion stimulus package to aid its poor and slowing economy as markets fail around the world.  In 2011, Communist China (62 years as communist) become the second largest economy in the world.  In 2012 following a political scandal, Chongquip Communist Party chief loses his power.  In 2013, senior leader Bo Xilai is imprisoned for bribery and embezzlement (family accumulated over $130 million).  That year the ‘one-child’ policy is not strictly enforced and ended the policy in 2015.   In 2012, Xi Jinping (chemical engineering degree) became the Gen. Sec. of the Communist Party and in 2013 the 7th President of the People’s Republic of China.  In 2016 he was ranked as Forbes #4 most ‘powerful people (Putin, Trump, Merkel).’  Though the multi-millionaire may care for his people, a vast amount of Chinese live in poverty and the country is still subjected to much corruption; as Xi and his family has amassed about $1 billion in wealth.  His daughter has over $50 million in Hong Kong real estate; and in niece a $20 million portion of a favored tech company.  Wikileaks revealed his sister controls about $310 million share of Jiangxi Rare Earth; and family $370+ million share of the Yuanwei Group (called the world’s largest business network).  Other siblings of his also have great holdings.  In 2014, China ranked 2nd in millionaires (1,181,000) and 1st in number of new millionaires (up 1,200 from 2013).  In 2015, the number millionaires were up again to 1,333,000.  In 2016 Forbes listed 371 Chinese billionaires, and the country was worth about $12 trillion; yet, the average citizen has less than $10,000 in assets.
Colombia	Juan Manuel Santos		215m	47.2m/.6%/<.02		7k
In 1525, Spanish conquistadors landed in Colombia, and it was not until 1819 that the Spanish were defeated in Boyaca by Gen. Bolivar.  In 1899, the ‘War of the Thousand Days’ began which claim about 120,000 lives; and after which Panama became an independent state.  After WWII, in 1948 a long civil war began in which as many as 300,000 were killed.  The National Front was a merged conservative-liberal group compromise that ended the civil war.  From 1966 to 1982 several ‘guerrilla’ groups rose up and took villages and opposed the National Front.  Many drug traffickers came to power in the 1970s.  In 1982, President Betancur granted amnesty to guerrillas and in 1984, after the assassination of the minister of justice, the nation came against drug traffickers.  In 1985, 11 judges and about 90 other citizens were killed by M-19 guerrillas in one day; and what followed claimed 23,000 lives.  In 1989 the M-19 Party became recognized by the government.   In 1993, Drug-cartel leader ‘King of Cocaine’ Pablo Escobar was killed evading arrest.  In 2000, the US gave $1 billion to Colombia to fight against drug trafficking.  Yet, struggles continued between the government and Farc rebels.  In 2006, the US and Colombia entered into a free-trade agreement; after which Uribe wins a second term as President.  Various killings and kidnappings continued; and in 2008, Colombia extradited 14 warlords to the US for drug trafficking crimes; and at that time, Farc founder Marulanda was killed and Sen. Ingrid Betancourt freed with 15 other hostages.  Moreover, that same year an investment scam cost the already poor public millions.  The government still had deep corruption and drug problems.  In 2009, the US military was allowed to aid Colombian military and police against drug traffickers.  In 2009, Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez set thousands of troops on the border preparing for a potential conflict.  In 2010 Juan Santos became president and restored ties with Venezuela.  Conflicts and kidnappings by the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) continue, though August and Nov. 2016, Santos secured peace deals with the Marxist FARC rebels (which include many machine gun toting young women).  2016 Santos won the Nobel Peace Prize and January 2017, FARC guerilla fighters are in camps awaiting demobilization.  The future is volatile for these poverty groups.
Dem. Rep. Congo	Joseph Kabila		2+m	81.3m/1.1%/<.01%		.1k
The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is the second largest country in Africa.   It is surrounded by 11 other countries and has only one seaport.  In 1870s, King Leopold II colonized Kongo.  Congo became independent from Belgium in 1960.  From 1971 to 1997 it was called Zaire (‘great river’).  Congo is actually a British use of the ‘Kongo’ people.  In 2001, President Laurent Kabila was assassinated and replaced by his son, Joseph.  In 2003, a seven year civil war (called ‘Africa’s 1st WW) ended in which an estimated 3.8 to 5.4 million people died in conflict or by disease or starvation.  In 2006, Kabila became the first democratically-elected president since 1960.    Conflicts and rebellion continued as hundreds of thousands fled to neighboring nations.    In 2008, in addition to corruption and killings, about 16,000 new cases of sexual assault were reported.   In 2009 certain war criminal were brought before The Hague International Criminal Court for massacres and rape charges.  In 2011, Kabila won a second term as president.   In 2012, another 100,000 people were forced from their homes due to conflict.  That same year it was reported that Joseph Kony’s Lord Resistance Army abducted about 600 child soldiers and sex slaves.  Conflicts continued with thousands killed per year.  In 2016, revolts and protest erupted as Kabila refused to step down after a second term and delayed elections to 2018.  It is also believed that Kabila has stoled millions while his people remain in war and great poverty.  In January 2017, Kabila is held up in his mansion awaiting a deal that would allow him until the end of 2017 to step down.
Rep. of Congo	Denis Sassou-Nguesso		450m	4.8m/.06%/<.01%		.6k
The Republic of Congo also gained independence in 1960; yet, it was from the French who had taken control in 1880.  Youlou became the first Pres. of the Rep. of the Congo.  In 1963, Debat was elected for a 5-year term; during which they gained close relations with Communist Russia and China; as well as with N. Korea, N. Vietnam and Cuba.  Thus, US relations with Congo were strained.  After a coup, Ngouabi became president in 1968.  He survived a coup in 1972, but was assassinated in 1977.    Twenty years later the country was still in civil war.   In 2002, Sassou became president and their constitution was amended to allow 7 year terms for the president.  In 2009, Sassou won reelection; and in 2015 a constitutional referendum was pushed through to allow him to run for a 3rd term, which he won with about 60% of the votes.   The dictator Nguesso is about 1 million times richer than the average Congo citizen.   It is said he has exploited his oil-rich country.
Costa Rica	Luis G. Solis Rivera		500k	4.9m/.06%/<.01%		2.8k
In 1502 Christopher Columbus named it the ‘Rich Coast (Costa Rica).’  In 1808 coffee was brought in from Cuba to be grown.  In 1821 Central America gained independence from Spain; and in 1838 Costa Rica became fully independent.  In the midst of various conflicts and coups, banana cultivation is taught and railways ran.   In 1917 Tinoco ousts President Gonzalez and is also deposed in 1919.  After years of civil wars and volcanic eruptions in 1974 Oduber is elected president and continues socialism.  In 1978 after more economic problems the conservative Carazo is elected.  Then during the Sandinista conflict Sanchez is elected in 1986 and leads 4 neighboring nations to a peace deal – winning him the Nobel Peace Prize.  In 1990, Calderon is elected, followed by Olsen, Rodriguez and Pacheco.  In 2003 teachers and other workers strike after delays in payment of their proper salaries.   In 2004, Figueres, Rodriguez and Calderon were investigated for corruption; it would not be until 2009 that Calderon would be sentenced and imprisoned.   In 2010 the first woman president, Laura Chinchilla, took office.  In 2014 Luis Guillermo Solis took office as a liberal and anti-corruption party.
Cote d’Ivoire	Alassane D. Ouattara		N/A	23.7m/.3%/<.01%		.7k
In the 1600s the Portuguese found this African ‘Ivory Coast’ land of the Kong Empire and the Akan people.   In 1637 French missionaries arrived, and about 100 years later came Muslim warlords.  By the 1830s the French had established trading posts along the coast to transport slaves, gold and goods; and in 1893 the land became a colony of France.  Soon after cash crops were developed.  In 1910 there was a rebellion against the French, and again during WWI the people rebelled when the French attempted to conscript them.  From early 1900s to after WWII the land boundaries would change.   Like other African nations, in 1960 the country gained independence.  In 1963 a military coup was stopped.  In 1970 big foreign oil corporations came to the country.  By 1979, the country became the world’s leading cocoa producer.  Ghana and the Ivory Coast would supply about 70% of the world’s cocoa; and much of this was done with widespread use of child and slave labor.   In 2004, a journalist and part of the Ivorian First Lady’s guards were kidnapped and killed while reporting on government corruption in the cocoa industry.  In the 1980s other coups were put down, and in 1989 what is called the world’s largest Catholic basilica was built in Yamoussoukro.  In the 1990s more strikes and conflicts occurred and the constitution was even amended.  In 1999 President Bedie overthrew another coup, but then was forced to flee to France.  Muslim Alassane Ouattara took control and riots resulted.   In 2000, another constitution passed and an agreement to pay soldiers $1600 each brought some peace after receiving money and seeing their General Guei become President.   But it was very short-lived as at least 2 others claimed the presidency in 2000 – a Muslim and a Christian.  Killings followed and Ouattara was forced into exile.  Thousands fled the country in 2001.  Another problem the country was forced to face was in 2002, less than 40,000 of 600,000 chimpanzees remained in Azagny National Park; but thousands of people killed in conflicts that year overshadowed this.  Massacres and conflicts continued for years and in 2006 about 1,500 UN peacekeepers entered the country.  That year 2 Dutch Corporate executives were imprisoned for illegally dumping toxic waste.  In 2009 the IMF wrote off $3 billion of the country’s debt obligation.  President Gbagbo postponed elections for 2 years, until 2010 when Ouattara won.  Gbagbo protested his loss and kicked UN mediators out, which was followed by riots and killings.    In 2011,  the UN placed embargos on the country and Switzerland froze assets of Gbagbo; and in 2011 the former president was brought before the ICC (Intern. Criminal Court) for murder, rape and other crimes.  Though conflicts continue Ouattara remains in office; in 2014 he was rebuked for giving out about $700 million in no-bid contracts.
Croatia	Kolinda Grabar-Kitarovic		N/A	4.3m/.03%/<.02%		5.6k
After WWI the Croatian national assembly voted to join the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes after the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.  In 1929 the Kingdom was renamed Yugoslavia.   During WWII the Germans invade the country; yet, after the war the socialist took control.  After Tito’s death in 1980 the country moved towards independence which it declared in 1991 after its 1990 first free elections.   In 1992, the UN sent in 14,000 troops as Croatia was drawn into war supporting Bosnian Croats.  After the death of president Tudjman (Nationalist: called the ‘father of Croatia’) in 1999, in 2000 Mesic won the office and moved towards joining the EU (2013) and NATO (member 2009).   In 2011 two generals were convicted for war crimes.   In 2015, Kolinda became the first female president.   According to a 2011 UN document on Corruption in Croatia, ‘malpractice occurs on a regular basis (among)… public officials… with some sectors …vulnerable to bribery.’
Cuba	Raul Castro Ruz		N/A	11.2m/.18%/<.02%		.2k
In 1492 Columbus claimed Cuba for Spain.  In 1895 Jose Marti led Cubans against Spain in a war for independence.  The US joined in against Spain.  In 1898 the US defeated the Spanish and they ceded Cuba to the US.  In 1902 the Cubans were given independence.  In 1909 the rebel leader Gomez became president and corruption was widespread.  In 1924 Machado established a dictatorship over the people.  In 1952 Batista seized power and led a corrupt regime.  In 1953 Fidel Castro revolted against Batista but failed.  However, in 1959 with 9000 guerrilla soldiers Castro took Havana and he, his brother and General Guevara took control; and the next year – 1960 – they nationalized all US businesses and proclaimed Cuba a communist state and ally to the USSR.  In 1962, the world watch during the Cuban missile crisis and a 13 day nuclear standoff between the US, Cuba and possibly Russia.   In 1980 about 125,000 Cubans, including released convicts, fled to America.  In 1994 Cuba signed an agreement with America receiving 20,000 Cubans a year and Cuba halting the mass exodus of refugees.  In 1998 pope John Paul II visited Cuba and aided restored US relations.   In 2001 the US exported food to Cuba – 1st time in over 40 years.   In 2002 the Russian military base in Cuba closed.  In 2002, Carter visited Cuba, first former president since 1959.   In 2006, Fidel in poor health turned his dictatorship over to his brother Raul – officially stepping down in 2008 – that year Hurricane Gustav destroyed over 50,000 homes in Cuba.   In 2011 Obama relaxed travel restrictions to Cuba.  In 2012, Hurricane Sandy destroyed about 190,000 homes and 100,000 hectares of crops as Raul took his second term.   In 2014, after 50 years of divide, Obama and Castro announce restored relations between the countries.  In 2016 Barack Obama visited Cuba as the 1st active US president in 88 years – soon afterwards Fidel died.  In 2017, Congress ended a policy allowing Cuban immigrants the right to remain without a visa.  The government of Cuba is still said to have corruption and the people are very poor.
Czechia	Milos Zeman		N/A	10.6m/.17%/<.1%		5.3k
After the Roman Empire fell in 476 Slovenes settled in the eastern Alps.  In the 700s Charlemagne’s kingdom spread to the reign and Christianity followed.  The Czech Republic was next part of the Moravian Empire, the Hungarian Empire, and the Holy Roman Empire and then in 1085 Vratislav II became the first Czech king.  In 1306 King Wenceslas III died ending the Premyslid dynasty.  The kingdom was subject to the Hussite Wars from 1420 to 1434.  In 1526 the Hapsburg began to rule the region.  During the 1700s several battles of the Napoleonic Wars took place in the country.  In 1848 the first Slavic Congress was convened by Czechs.   In 1918, after WWI, the last Habsburg emperor was overthrown when the Austro-Hungarian Empire fell and Czechoslovakia was established.  In 1938 the Munich Pact between Germany, Britain and France allow Hitler to invade the Czech’s land without interference.  In 1945 the Czech Republic was liberated and a Communist Era began until 1989 when it was ended by the Velvet Revolution.  In 1993 Czechoslovakia was split into two independent countries: Czech Republic (Czechia) and Slovakia.  In 1998 Havel was re-elected president and Milos Zeman served as PM.  In 2003 Klaus was elected president and in 2013 Zeman assumed the office.   Zeman describes himself as a ‘tolerant atheist.’ He is a heavy drinker, chain smoker and has lost several lawsuits for defamatory comments.  He asked his daughter to be the country’s ‘informal First Lady.’
Denmark	Queen Margrethe II		40m	5.6m/.07%/.4%		34k
The kingdom of Denmark has survived for over a thousand years; and since about that time in the 900s Christianity could be found among its people.  In 1397 Scandinavia was for the most part under a single monarch.  In 1814 Denmark ceded Norway to Sweden and in 1849 became its own constitutional monarchy.  In 1940 the Germans invaded and after WWII in 1949 the country joined NATO.  In 1953 parliament was elected by proportional representation and the constitution was changed to allow a Queen on the throne.   In 1972 King Frederick IX died and his daughter Margrethe II became the Queen.   In a narrow 2000 vote, the Danes rejected the euro as their national currency.   In 2000 the Øresund Bridge (the longest combined road and rail bridge in Europe) opened, connecting the Danish capital of Copenhagen and Sweden’s city of Malmö.  In 2012, with our European countries Denmark legalized same-sex marriage.   Queen Margrethe can trace her lineage back farther than any monarch on earth, back to Viking king Gorm the Old and Harald Bluetooth.  She will be 77 in 2017 and enjoys leading one of the less corrupt countries.
Djibouti	Ismail Omar Guelleh		4+m	.85m/.01%/<.01%		1.2k
This African nation is at the southernmost part of the Red Sea across from the Arabian Peninsula.  The Muslims came to it in the 800s and about a thousand years later the French established their present.  In 1888 the colony of Cote Francaise das Somalis was founded.  And in 1892 Djibouti became the capital of French Somaliland.  In 1967 11 Issas were killed by French troops while protesting for independence.  That year French Somaliland was renamed French Territory of Afars and Issas.  A decade later in 1977 it became independent and their name was changed to Republic of Djibouti; and Aptidon was elected president.   After conflicts in 1981 Aptidon made the nation a one-party state – the RPP (People’s Progress Assembly).  In 1986 RPP headquarters were bombed; the former minister Awaleh was imprisoned for ‘attempting to destabilize the government.’  In 1987 Hassan Aptidon was reelected and in the midst of years of conflict was again reelected in 1993.  In 1999, the dictator Aptidon said he would not run for reelection; yet, his nephew Ismael Omar Guelleh (IOG) became the president; and through conflicts, coup attempts and constitutional amendments, Guelleh was ‘elected’ to a 3rd (2011) and 4th term (2016) in a disputed reelection where certain candidates that opposed him were jailed.   In 2011 the people were subject to much disease and starvation and tens of thousands fled the poor country.   Guelleh sign a military lease deal with the US for about $63 million per year though many thought he could get his country more.   The Guelleh family is said to have profited much off the government with their Independent Construction Corp. (ICC).   In 2010 the president put his daughter on the government payroll as an advisor.  According to a 2015 court testimony IOG owns 80 cars and property in Paris worth about 2.5 million.
Dominican Rep.	Danilo Medina Sanchez		1+m	10.6m/.14%/<.1%		.5k
Four years after Columbus found this land he called Hispaniola or ‘Little Spain,’ the Spaniards set up a colony at Santo Domingo to serve as the capital of all their South American colonies.  About 200 years later in 1697 the land was divided between French and Spain.  And after another 100 years in 1795 Spain ceded the island to France.  Then in 1808 Spanish Creoles revolted and took back Santo Domingo.  Then in 1821 there was an uprising against Spain’s rule.  In 1844, Santo Domingo declared independence from Haiti, as well as the French and Spanish, and became the Dominican Republic.  Then, during the same period as America’s Civil War (1861-1865), their land when through revolts and civil war which led to its second independent Dom. Republic.  In 1930, Gen. Trujillo Molina overthrew Pres. Vazquez and over the next decade thousands of Haitians were killed in the Dom. Rep.  In 1961 Trujillo was assassinated and the US invaded the land.  In 1962 Juan Bosch of the PRD was elected president; yet, in 1963 he was deposed in a coup.  Unrest and conflict continued, and in 1979 two hurricanes left about 200,000 homeless.   In 1988, former Pres. Blanco was found guilty of corruption.  In 1994, Balaguer was re-elected but accused of fraud stepping down in 1996.  In 2000 the PRD returned to power with President Mejia.  After Fernandez served two terms, in 2012 Medina was elected.  Medina earns a salary that is about 70 times their average workers.   Medina is said to be corrupt and as other leaders he has profited from state construction projects.  Also the country is considered a ‘bridge for drugs’ to the US; it has been called a ‘banana republic;’ and its judges and officials are often accused of taking bribes.
Ecuador	Rafael Correa Delgado			16.1m/.23%/<.1%		3.5k
Almost 80 years before the Spanish landed in Ecuador, the Incas conquered the land.  It would not be until the early 1800s that the people would seriously push for independence.  And in 1822, Antonio de Sucre, a follower of Simon Bolivar, led a battle that defeated the Spanish.  In 1942 Ecuador ceded about 200,000 sq. kilometers to Peru; and in 1981 border wars still continued.  In 1987 Pres. Cordero was kidnapped and beaten.  In 1995, VP Garzoni fled after corruption charges.  In 2005 former Pres. Gutierrez was arrested for treason but later freed.  In 2006, Correa won election; in 2008 he was granted more power and intentionally defaulted on billions on foreign debt loans.  He was reelected in 2009 and 2013.  One Latin newspaper reported he is ‘…mediorcre, incompetent… lying and is a part of the structure of corruption and accomplice of the national disaster.’  The government relies of Peru and Colombia for much of its electric power.  In 2010 Police strikes led to much violence, 8 deaths, and hundreds wounded. Examination of World Leaders Part 3